RFID Insanganyamatsiko ya Wristbands: Igitabo gikubiyemo amasoko yo gukora neza, umutekano, no gukoresha abashyitsi

Imibare itatu isobanura impamvu parike nyinshi amaherezo yimukira mumaboko - sisitemu ishingiye. Abashyitsi bakoresha igice kinini cyuruzinduko rwabo - ukurikije ishyirahamwe ry’inganda, hafi 60% - bahagaze kumurongo aho gutwara, kurya, cyangwa kugura. Munsi yimpapuro ibikorwa - ibikorwa byitike, igice cyabashyitsi bahinduye amafaranga yisumbuye yakoreshejwe akenshi bicara munsi ya 15%. Kandi buri cyuma gikurura amafaranga, itike yongeye gucapwa, hamwe no kugenzura amarembo yintoki bitwara ikiguzi cyakazi gipima neza abitabiriye. Ibyo bintu bitatu byasohotse - umwanya, kumara, no gukoresha - nimpamvu nyayo yimigozi ya parike ya RFID yimitwe yimitambiko yimuka ivuye mumashya yiminsi mikuru ijya mubikorwa remezo bya parike.

 

Ibikurikira byanditswe kuruhande rwabatanga kumeza, ariko ntabwo ari urupapuro rwagurishijwe. Ni logique yo guhitamo tunyuramo abaguzi mbere yuko bakora ibarura ryigihe cyose, harimo ibice byicyemezo kigena bucece niba gutangira bizagenda neza.

 

 

Imibare ya Disney mubyukuri ivuga hagati ya - parike

 

MagicBand ya Disney nicyo kintu cyerekana - cyatanzweho ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso bya parike ya RFID, kandi ibisubizo byanditse aho kuba anecdotal. Igihe cyo gucuruza ibintu cyagabanutseho hafi 30%, kandi ubushishozi bwibikorwa bivuye mumibare yitsinda ryemerera parike kuzamura ubushobozi bugera kuri 30% mugihe cyibihe, nkuko isesengura rya Harvard ryakozwe kuri gahunda (Harvard Business School Digital Initiative). Mu mwaka wa mbere wuzuye, abashyitsi bemeye hejuru ya 90% hamwe na bande zirenga miliyoni icumi zikoreshwa, naho igihembwe nyuma yo gutangira kwerekana inyungu ziyongereyeho 20%, igice kikaba cyaratewe no kuba hejuru muri - gukoresha parike (Ihuriro ry’ubukungu ku isi).

 

Dore igice gikwiye kwinjizwa mbere yuko umuntu asubiramo iyo mibare mu nama yingengo yimari: Disney yakoresheje hafi miliyari y'amadorari kugirango abone, yubaka ibikorwa remezo bya parike kandi akoresha inyubako ya - yubatswe - ngufi - intera HF / NFC ya kanda, ndende - intera UHF kugirango ikurikirane ingendo, hiyongereyeho na radiyo itandukanye -. Isomo ryo hagati - rinini rigomba gukura muri Disney ntabwo arirwo buhanga. Nibikurikiranye: babanje gutera imisumari no kwishyurwa mbere, hanyuma bareke amakuru. Parike igerageza gutangiza kwimenyekanisha no gusesengura mbere yo gukanda kwayo - kugeza - umushahara wizewe ni kugura isomo rihenze Disney yamaze kwishyura.

 

Huza bande kugendana, ntabwo ari agatabo

 

 

Ibikoresho niho bihendutse - reba amagambo ahinduka ikosa rihenze cyane. Kubirindiro bya parike ya RFID iramba, guhitamo neza gutegekwa no kwambara igihe no kwerekana amazi, ntabwo biterwa nigiciro cyibice, kandi ibintu bitatu bikunze kugaragara muri parike byerekana ibisubizo bitandukanye rwose.

 

Urugero	Ibikoresho bisabwa	Kubera iki
Pariki y'amazi, umunsi - umunsi, amazi menshi	Silicone	Amashanyarazi yuzuye, amarira - yihanganira, yorohewe kwambara - umunsi wose, yongeye gukoreshwa mubihe
Igihe / umwaka utambutse, bisubirwamo birebire - gukoresha ijambo	Imyenda iboshye cyangwa silicone	Kuramba mumezi, biranga, byoroshye kuburyo abashyitsi bakomeza kuyambara
Umunsi - umunsi wabaye, ingaragu - koresha kwinjira	Tyvek cyangwa PVC	Igiciro gito, tamper - bigaragara, ikoreshwa nta mpungenge

 

Kuri parike yamazi ushyira bande kumushyitsi kumasaha umunani ya slide na pisine, silicone itagira amazi nicyo kintu cyonyine kibaho umunsi kitarekuye cyangwa ngo gitesha agaciro. Iyo umaze gutura kubintu, ibyacusilicone RFID yamaboko yubatswe kumazi - kwambara parikeerekana ibiryo - ibyiciro byamahitamo hamwe no gufunga guhinduka bifata igihe cyuzuye.

 

Aho icyemezo cyacitsemo ibice ni hagati - urwego: ibihe byigihe - guhitamo parike guhitamo hagati yububoshyi na silicone ni uguhitamo hagati yikirango no gukomera kwinshi, kandi karuvati - mubisanzwe ni ukumenya niba itsinda rigomba gukuba kabiri nkigikoresho. Itsinda abashyitsi babika ni itsinda ryamamaza parike nyuma yo kugenda, niyo mpamvu ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwa souvenir - akenshi byerekana neza igihembo cyabyo muburyo bwo kugereranya ibiciro bito.

 

Kubirori byumunsi - cyangwa umunsi umwe - ibirori byo kwinjira, imibare irahindukira rwose ikajugunywa. Tyvek ikwiriye kwambara umwe ku giciro gito, mugihe aPVC igitoki cyumuntu umwe - kwinjira muri parike yumunsiigura tamper - ibimenyetso kandi biramba cyane iyo umunsi urenze cyangwa utose - ingingo ni uguhuza kumara ubuzima bwawe bwose, ntibirenze - injeniyeri itsinda uzaca mugihe cyo gufunga.

 

Chip - na - icyemezo cyinshuro abaguzi benshi baribeshya

 

Chip igena umutekano, kwibuka, terefone - gusoma, nigihe cyo kubaho; inshuro igena icyo itsinda rishobora gukora kumubiri kumarembo hagati.

 

Chip	Ububiko bukoreshwa	Guhagarara k'umutekano	Ibyiza muri parike
NTAG213	144 bytes	Shingiro (UID, gufunga ijambo ryibanga)	Kwinjira / kwinjira, imikoranire ya promo, terefone - isomeka; igiciro gito
NTAG215 / 216	504/888 bytes	Shingiro	Umutunzi kuri - amakuru yitsinda, imikoranire ya porogaramu
MIFARE Classic 1K	~ 768 byite ikoreshwa	Intege nke (reba igice gikurikira)	Umurage usoma guhuza gusa
MIFARE DESFire EV2 / EV3	Kugera kuri 8KB	Mukomere (AES encryption)	Kwishura, hejuru - kubona agaciro, birebire - ubuzima burarengana

 

Amategeko abiri afatika avuye muribi. Ubwa mbere, 125 kHz hasi - imirongo yumurongo ntigifite umwanya mubikorwa bya parike igezweho - zifite clon ntoya kandi ntizifite ibanga, kandi impamvu yonyine yo kubakoraho numusomyi wumurage wasezeranye. Icyakabiri, HF / NFC na UHF ntabwo arimwe / cyangwa; mu iriba - parike yagenewe bagabanije akazi, hamwe na 13.56 MHz ikora hafi ya - ya tapi yo kwishura no kugenzura kugenzura ku irembo, kandi UHF ikora intera ndende - isoma ibyo kugaburira umurongo hamwe no gusesengura imbaga.Niba uwaguhaye isoko asunikishije inshuro imwe kuri buri gikorwa, ntabwo yorohereza umusaruro wawe. Turagumya gukanika imashini zikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye kugirango iki gice gishobore kuguma kumyanzuro yamasoko {{11} version verisiyo ngufi nuko guhuza inshuro kumikorere aribyo bitandukanya sisitemu ipima imwe ikuramo umwaka wa kabiri. (Kubyingenzi, ibyacuKuyobora kuri RFID yumurongo nubwoko bwa chipkumeneka.)

 

Chip data - kugumana nabyo bituje bituje kuri pass - ishingiye kuri parike. Ukurikije umuryango wa chip, kubika amakuru yabitswe kuva kumyaka icumi kubice shingiro bya NTAG na MIFARE Classic kugeza kumyaka makumyabiri - imyaka itanu cyangwa irenga kubisekuru byabitswe DESFire - ntaho bihuriye numurwi umwe - wumwaka -.

 

Abacuruza icyuho cyumutekano ntibavuga

 

Niba porogaramu yawe izigera ikora ubwishyu cyangwa ibujijwe kwinjira - akarere, soma ibi mbere yuko usinya ikintu icyo aricyo cyose. MIFARE Classic - iracyagurishwa na kontineri - umutwaro wamaboko "yizewe" - ikoresha cipher nyirizina Crypto - 1 cipher abashakashatsi bize mu myaka yashize; Icyemezo cya kera gishobora gukoronizwa mugukarita-ikarita gusa niminota mike yegereye intego (Ububiko bwa IACR). Kandi byarushijeho kuba bibi vuba aha: urufunguzo rwinyuma rwavumbuwe mugukoresha cyane Classic - imashini ikora chip ireka uwagabye igitero - imbaraga hanyuma akoresha amakarita amwe muminota hafi ibiri (Ikinyamakuru RFID).

 

Ubwubatsi bukwiye nimpinduka zihenze cyane zihishe. Gukoresha intoki zizewe ntizigera zibika ibyangombwa byukuri byo kwishura cyangwa uburenganzira bwo kubona uburenganzira kuri bande ubwayo - ibika ikimenyetso cyangwa UID, kandi konte nyayo iba mumugongo wihishe ushobora guhagarika ako kanya itsinda ryatakaye. Kora ibyo, ndetse nitsinda rya clone ntagaciro. Hunga ubwo bwubatsi kugirango ubike amafaranga make kuri chip, kandi umusomyi wa $ 300 nibisabwa kugirango ukureho tab yundi.

 

Aho ibikorwa byoherezwa mubyukuri

 

Dufate ko bande na chip ari byiza, kunanirwa gusigaye ni kunanirwa kwishyira hamwe - kandi niba uhangayikishijwe gusa - gerageza ikintu kimwe mbere yo kwemerwa, kora gusoma. Nukunanirwa kwipimisha neza kuntebe kandi bigatenguha ku irembo ritose, ryuzuye, ibyuma -, kubera ko - isi isoma intera iterwa no guhuza antenne hamwe nibidukikije aho kuba imibare myiza ya datasheet - kandi niyo igaragara hejuru kandi igatwara amafaranga menshi yo gukora iyo bande imaze gucapurwa. Kunanirwa kwa kabiri ntabwo bihuye na POS ihari hamwe na stackstile stack; itsinda ridashobora kuvugana nabasomyi musanzwe mutunze ni inventure, ntabwo ari igisubizo. Icya gatatu nubukungu bwibinyoma bwa cote yo hasi cyane, aho enapsapsulation isobanura imirongo ivunika cyangwa inanirwa QC hagati - igihe.

 

Ndetse na Disney ubwayo yatangije irigisha hano nk'umugani wo kwitondera aho kuba ikintu cyerekana: imirwi ya mbere yari ifite ubunebwe, ikenera kwishyurwa nijoro, kandi ikora kuri bateri umunani -, kandi porogaramu yakoresheje igiciro nyacyo hamwe na itera mbere yuko ikora. Ikintu cyaguzwe kubaguzi bagaragaza amaboko ya RFID yihariye kugirango bakurure ni uko "gushiraho no kwibagirwa" ni umugani - kubaka icyitegererezo, umusomyi - ikizamini cyo guhuza, hamwe na QC mubiguzi, ntabwo biri mumwanya - mortem.

 

Vetting utanga isoko mbere yo gukora ibarura ryigihe

 

 

Kugeza ubu, ibipimo byo gutoranya byahindutse bucece bivuye kuri "bande" bajya kuri "umufatanyabikorwa," kubera ko ibintu byose hejuru - uburinganire bwa chip, ubwiza bwa ensapsulation, guhuza inshuro, guhuza inyuma - ni ikibazo - na - ikibazo cyo kwishyira hamwe. Intoki zacu zikorera muri - inshinge zo munzu hamwe na antenne ifite umurongo wububiko ufashe kuri ± 0,02 mm na verisiyo ihindagurika kugeza kuri mm 0.1, kandi buri gice kinyura 100% kugenzura uruganda kuri frequence, gusoma intera, hamwe nuburinganire bwamakuru mbere yuko byoherezwa - itandukaniro riri hagati yitsinda risoma - kanda ku irembo ryuzuye kandi ridashobora kwemerwa rishyirwa kuri datashe. Ubwo bugenzuzi buva mu myaka makumyabiri yo kubaka ibicuruzwa bya RFID mu nzu - kuva mu 2006, byoherezwa mu mahanga kuva mu 2012, munsi ya CE, ISO 9001: 2015, hamwe n’icyemezo cya ICAR - ubwoko bwerekana neza ko bufite akamaro iyo ibarura ryigihe rigeze ku itegeko rimwe ryo kugura.

 

Uku kugenzura ibicuruzwa nibyo bituma uwaguhaye isoko akora ikintu cyukuri de - cyangiza gahunda yawe: icyitegererezo kubasomyi bawe nyabo mbere yuko upima. Uruganda urwo arirwo rwose rushobora gucapa ikirango; bake cyane barashobora kwemeza gusoma imikorere kumarembo yawe hanyuma bagasaba chip ijyanye numutekano wawe aho kuba kubarura. Kubakoresha bagaragaza porogaramu ubungubu, inzira yihuse yo de - ibyago ni ugupima ingero zifatika kuri sisitemu yawe mbere yo gukora - yacugakondo ya RFID yigituba cya parike nibikururagutwikira ibintu byuzuye hamwe na chip urwego, nakuboha amaboko ya RFID yubatswe kubwimyidagaduro - kwambara parikenibisanzwe bitangirira ibihe - birebire byoherejwe. Tubwire amarembo yawe hanyuma tuyagereranye nayo - ibyitegererezo byubusa reka twemere gusoma urutonde nigihe kirekire kumarembo yawe mbere yuko hashyirwaho igice kinini.