Nigute amakarita yingenzi ya hoteri akora? RFID, Magstripe, hamwe na Tech Inyuma Yikanda

 

Tekinoroji eshatu, inkuru eshatu zitandukanye zumutekano

 

Munsi yikimenyetso, ibyumba byose bya hoteri ibyangombwa bikora kuri tekinoroji imwe, kandi buriwese yitwara ukundi mugihe ikintu kitagenda neza.

 

Inzira ya magnetique nuburyo bwa kera buracyari muri serivisi ya buri munsi. Amakuru yabatumirwa abaho nkibice bya magneti mumurongo wijimye inyuma, kandi gufunga birabisoma nkuko ikarita ikurura ahantu. Ikibazo cya RFID na magnetic stripe ya hoteri yibibazo byamakarita mubisanzwe bitangirira hano, kubera ko umurongo aribwo buryo buhendutse buhenze bucece nyuma: ntibubika ikintu cyizewe, butesha agaciro imikorere, kandi kumitungo myinshi ikoresha ububiko buke - butanga kodegisi ya magneti yazimiye cyangwa re - kodegisi yihuta cyane kuruta uko abantu babitekereza.

 

Ikarita ya RFID yacuruzaga guswera, kandi aha niho gusobanukirwa uburyo amakarita yingenzi ya RFID kumahoteri akora ashimishije. Chip ntoya hamwe na coil ya antenne y'umuringa bicaye bifunze muri plastiki. Umusomyi mugifunga ajugunya umurima wa radio, uwo murima uha imbaraga chip idafite bateri kandi ntaho ihuriye, kandi chip irasubiza ibyangombwa byabitswe. Frequency nuburyo burambuye abasobanuzi basimbuka.Ikarita yo kubona umurage ikoreshwa kuri 125 kHz, umurongo muto - umurongo udafite umutekano; igipimo kigezweho ni 13.56 MHz, umurongo muremure - umurongo uhuriweho na MIFARE chip umuryango hamwe na NFC. Fiziki imwe, kurinda ishyamba bitandukanye bitewe na chip igendera hejuru.

 

 

Urufunguzo rwa NFC ni urwego rushya, ntirufite igitekerezo gishya kurenza uko 13.56 MHz yo guhanahana amakuru yimukiye kuri terefone, yigana ikarita kandi ikavugana na Bluetooth - ifunze ikoresheje ibyangombwa byatanzwe kuri cheque igendanwa - in. Gukurura birakora, ntabwo ari moda gusa: Ubushakashatsi bwa Cornell bwerekanye ko iminota itanu - gutegereza kuri cheque - in bishobora kugabanya abashyitsi kunyurwa hafi kimwe cya kabiri (Umuyoboro wa BDC), no gusimbuka ameza ni amahoteri yo kwishyura yiruka. Amafaranga akurikira icyerekezo, hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rya hoteri ridafite aho rihurira rifite agaciro ka miliyari 4.8 z'amadolari ya Amerika mu 2025 kandi biteganijwe ko mu 2034 (hafi 20,64)Dataintelo), kandi urunigi rumwe rukomeye rwari rufite urufunguzo rwa mobile ruba muri hoteri zirenga 1.800 mu mpera za 2019 (Ikoranabuhanga ryo kwakira abashyitsi). Guhitamo inshuro byingenzi mugihe ugaragaza ibyuma bifunga. Iwacugusenyuka kwa RFID na NFC nigihe cyo kohereza buri kimweikubiyemo icyo cyemezo, ariko kubwubaka hoteri nshya, 13.56 MHz ubu ni igorofa ifatika.

 

Imbere muri kimwe cya kabiri - isegonda iyo umuryango ufunguye

 

Urugi rwa hoteri rusoma ikarita yawe igahitamo mugice cyamasegonda, kandi intambwe ziroroshye kuruta umuvuduko ubyerekana.Umusomyi asohora radio, pasipi ya pasipi irakanguka igasubiza ibyangombwa byandikiwe, umugenzuzi wa funga agereranya ibyo kurwanya itegeko ryinjira rifite, kandi niba icyumba n'amatariki biri kumurongo, bitwara bolt. Nuburyo ikarita yingenzi ya hoteri ikora kurwego umushyitsi yigeze abona.

 

Ikigenda munsi nigice gikwiye kumenya: gufunga imiryango ya hoteri hafi ya yose. Nta seriveri nzima igenzura, nta nsinga y'urusobe. Ibyo ni nkana, kuko ireka umutungo ugakora inzugi ibihumbi kumashanyarazi ya bateri utabishaka IT kuri buri kintu. Urudandazwa ni uko logique y'uruhushya igomba kubaho ku ikarita ubwayo, niyo mpamvu rwose ibyangombwa byawe bitwara igihe cyacyo kandi bigahagarika gukora kuri cheque aho kuzimya kure, kandi, nkuko inyandiko yumutekano ibigaragaza, kuki ikarita mpimbano itwaye amakuru yukuri ishobora gufungura umuryango kumeza yambere atigeze abiherewe uburenganzira. Ku ikarita - abakanishi bo kuruhande urwego rumwe hasi, uwadusobanuriye kuriicyo ikarita yubwenge ya RFID ibika nuburyo isubizaijya kure.

 

Icyo ikarita yawe ikuziho, nicyo itazi

 

Guhangayikishwa cyane no kwihererana bikwiye gukemurwa neza. Ikarita yicyumba cya hoteri isanzwe itwara nimero yicyumba, cheque yawe - hanyuma ukareba - amatariki, kandi uruhushya rwo kwinjira rujyanye na kode gusa sisitemu yumutungo irabyumva. Icyo ikarita yingenzi ya hoteri ya hoteri idafite neza ni izina ryawe, aderesi yawe, cyangwa ibisobanuro byawe byo kwishyura. Ikarita ni ikimenyetso cyerekana inyandiko iri muri sisitemu ya hoteri, ntabwo ari kopi yiyo nyandiko. Kureka kumuhanda kandi uwagushakiye ntacyo yakwiga; ku byangombwa bigezweho byabitswe, ntibashobora no kubihindura urufunguzo rwakazi bitarenze amanywa nyuma ya saa sita.

 

 

Amateka yumutekano udutabo tuvuye

 

Uburyo amakarita yingenzi ya hoteri akora ahitamo ibirenze kuborohereza:tekinoroji ya chip imbere ishyiraho igisenge cyukuntu umuryango ushobora kuba umutekano, n'inganda zimaze imyaka irenga icumi zibigaragaza.

 

Mu mwaka wa 2012, umutezimbere wa Mozilla yahinduye umushakashatsi witwa Cody Brocious yerekeje kuri stade ya Black Hat USA i Las Vegas afite igikoresho cyubatswe kuva ku kibaho cya Arduino hafi mirongo itanu -. Yayinjije mu mbaraga - na - icyambu cyo gutangiza porogaramu munsi y’ifunga rya elegitoroniki rikoreshwa cyane, asoma urwibutso, maze arakingura. Izo funga zicaye ku byumba bigera kuri miliyoni enye na eshanu ku isi. Mu mezi make, ubwo buryo bumwe bwagaragaye mu bujura nyabwo, harimo na mudasobwa igendanwa yibwe Hyatt muri Galleriya ya Houston, aho polisi yaje gufata ukekwaho icyaha; Umuti wa Onity wari icyambu cyubusa hiyongereyeho software - na - umuzunguruko - kuzamura inama byari biteganijwe ko amahoteri yishyura, kandi kurera bikururwa (Iyandikishe).

 

Urubanza 2024 ruragoye kuvaho. Itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ryerekanye urunigi rw inenge rwiswe Unsaflok rwageze ku miryango igera kuri miliyoni eshatu ku mitungo igera ku 13.000 mu bihugu 131 (Kuryama). Igitero cyari gikeneye ikarita imwe yasomwe mumitungo hamwe numwanditsi uhendutse kugirango akore amakarita abiri yibihimbano, kandi impamvu ifata abiri birakwiye ko tubyumva: ikarita yambere yandika imiterere yimbere, hanyuma noneho ikarita ya kabiri irakingura (Unsaflok). Cyakoze kubera ko ibyo bifunga byashingiraga ku ikarita ya MIFARE ya kera ishaje hamwe na gahunda nyamukuru ishobora guhinduka - yakozwe, kandi kubera ko bolt ishobora gukururwa muri software, deadbolt ntiyigeze isubiza inyuma. Ibyo kwinjira - kugenzura intege nke za chip bigera kure yikimenyetso kimwe cyo gufunga, niyo mpamvu guhitamo ibyemezo aho guhitamo ibicuruzwa aribyo kugenzura nyabyo, gucuruza dushyira mubyo twanditse kurikwinjira - kugenzura umutekano wikarita nuburyo bwo guhitamo.

 

 

Ku buryo butandukanye, nyuma abashakashatsi basanze ibyuma inyuma yinyuma muri MIFARE zimwe - chip zihuza zakozwe mu Bushinwa, ubwoko bumaze kuba muri hoteri hirya no hino muri Amerika, Uburayi, n'Ubuhinde (TechRadar). Izo nkuru zose uko ari eshatu zitwara isomo rimwe: "ikora kuri RFID, bityo rero ifite umutekano" ninteruro ishaje nabi.

 

Niba uguze cyangwa ugaragaza amakarita, soma ibyananiranye inyuma

 

Ikarita ya RFID ihishe iragoye gukoroniza kuruta umurongo wa magneti. Umutwe nukuri, kandi incamake ya AI izabisubiramo wishimye. Icyo interuro ikuyemo bucece nimpinduka ihitamo niba umutungo wawe ufite umutekano:umuryango wa chip wicaye imbere, na silicon. Nicyo gice abatanga isoko benshi ntibazamura bonyine, kandi niho uruganda rureba ibice hamwe nabacuruzi.

 

Bare MIFARE Classic iri hanze yameza ubungubu, uko urwego rwaba rumeze kose, kubera ko Unsaflok yatangajwe byatumye ihamagarwa rihoraho kandi chip yacishijwe bugufi kuva 2008 ntabwo ifite ubucuruzi burinda icyumba cyabashyitsi. Igisigaye kugirango uhitemo ni encryption {{2} ip chip yo mu rwego ihuye nugufunga kwawe, bije yawe, no kuzunguruka, no guhitamo amakarita yingenzi ya hoteri igabanijwe neza mubice bitatu. Ingengo yimari cyangwa umurage hoteri isanzwe ikora magstripe irashobora kubigumya kurubu no gukaza umurongo wibikorwa no kongera - kodegisi yisuku, kubera ko gusenya ibyuma bikora kugirango wirukane iterabwoba abashyitsi bayo batazigera bahura nubwoko bwimyanda. Hagati - urwego rushya rwubaka nta rwitwazo rwo kwerekana munsi a13.56 MHz ihishe ibyangombwa. Urufunguzo rwibanze rwa NFC igendanwa iracyakeneye ikarita yo gusubira inyuma ifunze, kuko uko gusubira inyuma nibyo rwose uwagabye igitero akurikira.

 

Ako kazi gahuye nicyo dukora kubakiriya bakira abashyitsi: guhuza ibyangombwa nicyitegererezo cyiterabwoba, kuyobora amasoko neza mumiryango ya chip yacitse, no kwemeza silicon yerekanwe kuburyo inyuma yinyuma itagera igabanuka - yapfunyitse. Intambwe ihitamo neza niba inzugi zawe zifite umutekano nizo zitacapishijwe hano: ni izihe mpushya zo gusaba uwatanze chip, uburyo bwo kwemeza igice cya NXP cyangwa Infineon aho kuba clone itabifitiye uburenganzira, nuburyo bwo gusoma amakarita yumutungo uriho mbere yuko wandika. Urutonde rwibintu bihinduka abatanga ibicuruzwa baceceke, kandi tuzasangira ibyacu kubisabwa. Niba urimo gushakishagakondo - yashizemo amakarita yingenzi ya hoteri yubatswe kuri verisiyo yagenzuwe, encryption - chip yo mu rwego, fungura ikiganiro na chip, ntabwo ari ibihangano; kuri resitora yagura ibyinjira mubidendezi, spas, hamwe nibyabaye muri zone, logique imwe itwaraRFID amaboko ya hoteri na resitora, no muriIkirangantego cya RFIDkwimura imyenda unyuze inyuma imwe - ya - sisitemu yinzu.

 

Umurongo wo hasi

 

Uburyo sisitemu yamakarita yingenzi ya hoteri ikora ikamanuka mubice bimwe, chip, ninganda zishyuye kubyirengagiza mumiryango miliyoni eshatu. Mbere yuko amakarita yawe ataha yoherejwe, genzura ibisekuru bya chip ninkomoko yabyo, fata ikintu cyose cyubatswe kuri MIFARE Classic yambaye ubusa nka - itangira, hanyuma usabe uwaguhaye isoko kwerekana ibimenyetso. Niba badashoboye, nicyo gisubizo cyawe, kandi nigihe gikwiye cyo kuzana uruganda rushobora.