125kHz vs 13.56MHz: Igiciro cyo Kugenzura Ibyangombwa
Jan 08, 2026
Tanga ubutumwa
125kHz vs 13.56MHz: Igiciro cyo Kugenzura Ibyangombwa
Igisubizo cyihuse:125kHz ibyangombwa byo kugenzura ibyangombwa mubisanzwe bihendutse, byoroshye kubisoko, kandi bihujwe cyane nabasomyi ba hafi yumurage, ariko ibyinshi mubisanzwe bya LF byohereza gusa indangamuntu ihamye . 13.56 MHz ibyangombwa byigiciro cyinshi mugihe bakoresheje chip zifite umutekano nka MIFARE Plus SL3 cyangwa DESFire EV2 / EV3, ariko barashobora gushyigikira kwibuka, gushishoza neza, no kugenzura neza kugenzura. Icyemezo nyacyo ntabwo ari 125kHz vs 13.56MHz; ni ubwoko bwa chip, iboneza ryabasomyi, uburyo bwa kodegisi, hamwe nigiciro cya nyirubwite.
Amasegonda cumi nagatanu yo gukanda kanda ya 125kHz. Itsinda ry’umutekano rya ICT ryagerageje ibi mu 2023 hamwe n’amadorari 30 ya Amazone - gukuramo agasanduku ko gukora duplicate, amasegonda cumi nagatanu. IbyaboIkarita ya tekinoroji ya tekinoroji igereranya umutekanoni byiza gusoma niba ushaka uburyo nuburyo bwagutse bwimuka.
Turabazwa kubyerekeye guhitamo inshuro buri gihe kuri Syntek. Abashinzwe gutanga amasoko bashaka igisubizo cyoroshye, kandi ntanumwe uhari. Inshuro igena fiziki. Guhitamo chip bigena umutekano. Ubwiza bwo gukora bugena niba ibyangombwa bimara imyaka itanu cyangwa bikananirana nyuma y amezi atandatu. Ibi ni ibyemezo bitandukanye.
125kHz vs 13.56MHz ibyangombwa byinjira: itandukaniro rifatika
| Ingingo | 125kHz LF Icyemezo | 13.56MHz HF Icyemezo |
|---|---|---|
| Ibikoresho bisanzwe | EM4100, TK4100, T5577, HID Prox - imiterere ihuza | MIFARE Classic, MIFARE Yongeyeho, DESFire EV2, DESFire EV3, NTAG kuri NFC ikoresha imanza |
| Inyungu nyamukuru | Igiciro gito, gusoma neza, imyitwarire yagutse | Kwibuka byinshi, bibiri - inzira itumanaho, uburyo bukomeye bwo kwemeza |
| Ibyago nyamukuru | Byinshi bikosowe - Indangamuntu zidafite ibanga cyangwa ikibazo - igisubizo | Umutekano uterwa na chip umuryango hamwe nabasomyi; CSN - gusoma gusa ni ntege |
| Byiza | Hasi - inzugi zibyago, ibidengeri, siporo, kubungabunga umurage, ibyangombwa byigihe gito | Kwinjira mubigo, sisitemu ya hoteri, amakarita menshi - amakarita yo gusaba, hejuru - zone z'umutekano |
| Kugura amakosa kugirango wirinde | Ukoresheje ibyangombwa - indangamuntu yegeranye nkigenzura ryonyine ryinjira | Kugura chip zifite umutekano ariko ugena abasomyi kwemeza numero yikarita yikarita |
Kubisobanuro byimbitse byo gutoranya umurongo wa RFID umushinga wibanze, reba ingingo yacu kuriguhitamo inshuro zikwiye kuri RFID urufunguzo. Kubijyanye na tekiniki idafite aho ibogamiye yegeranye, MIFARE, na DESFire ikarita itandukanye ,.Kuba hafi, MIFARE na DESFire ibisobanuro bya tekinikini ingirakamaro.
Kuri 125kHz, electromagnetic waves couple couple inductive hagati ya antenna ya keyfob numusomyi. Guhuza bihamye. Amazi ntashobora kwiyongera cyane. Ubuso bw'ibyuma ntiburema uburyo bwo kwivanga ubona kuri frequence yo hejuru - niyo mpamvu kugenzura hakiri kare byemewe kubuhanga bwa LF.
EM4100 na TK4100 chip byerekana 64 - biranga biti neza. Nta gushishoza, nta kibazo-gisubizo, nta kwemeza. Umusomyi arabaza ati "uri nde?" na chip isubiza hamwe nindangamuntu yayo, burigihe, kubantu bose babajije. Ibikoresho bya Clone byandika icyo gisubizo hanyuma ukagisubiramo.
Turacyagurisha EM4100 urufunguzo. Benshi muri bo. Ibidendezi byinjira, gutandukanya zone imbere, ibyangombwa byumushinga byigihe gito. Hariho imikoreshereze yemewe aho imipaka yumutekano yemerwa kandi inyungu yibiciro - $ 0.15-0.30 kuri buri gice mubunini na $ 2.50+ kugirango umutekano wa HF utekane. Niba umushinga wawe ukeneye amazu maremare, gucapa ibirango, nimero yuruhererekane, hamwe na chip nyinshi za LF / HF, tangiragakondo ABS RFID urufunguzo rwo kugenzura.
Ntabwo tuzabasaba kwinjiza inyubako yibanze. Kugaragaza imyenda ntibikwiye kuzigama.
Kwimukira kuri 13.56MHz ntabwo bihita bikemura ibibazo byumutekano.
13.56MHz nitsinda ryumurongo, ntabwo urwego rwumutekano. MIFARE Classic, MIFARE Plus murwego rwumutekano 3, na DESFire EV2 / EV3 byose bicaye mwisi ya HF, ariko bitwara muburyo butandukanye muri sisitemu yumuryango. Hasi - igiciro cya 13.56MHz ibyangombwa byakoreshejwe gusa na UID cyangwa CSN ntabwo byagereranywa na porogaramu ya DESFire ukoresheje urufunguzo rutandukanye hamwe no gushishoza byemewe.
MIFARE Classic yari igipimo cyinganda kumyaka. ISO14443A yujuje, 1KB cyangwa 4KB yibuka, ishyigikiwe cyane. Kode ya Crypto1 yasaga nkibihagije. Abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza ya Radboud barayimennye muri 2008-intege nke zifatika, nta gukosora software bishoboka. Terefone ya Android ifite ibikoresho bya MIFARE Classic Tool irashobora gukusanya ibyangombwa ubu.
Kohereza Classic - ihuza urufunguzo rwo kubungabunga umurage. Niba inyubako yawe ifite abasomyi 50 bakoresha MIFARE Classic kandi nta ngengo yimari yo kuzamura, kugura urufunguzo rushya rwa Classic birumvikana. Kubisimbuza DESFire ntibizafasha niba abasomyi badashobora gukora ibanga ryibanga uko byagenda kose.
Ibikorwa bishya? Classic ni - itangira. Werurwe 2024 Kumenyekanisha Unsaflok - miliyoni 3 zifunga amahoteri mumitungo 13,000-yagombye kuba yarangije izo mpaka.
Amahitamo ya HF afite umutekano: MIFARE Yongeyeho muburyo bwa SL3 hamwe na AES ishoboye, DESFire EV2, DESFire EV3. Bose bashyira mubikorwa AES - 128. DESFire EV2 na EV3 bitwara EAL 5+ ibyemezo byo kubahiriza ibyiyumvo. NXPMIFARE DESFire EV3 urupapuro rwibicuruzwainyandiko kandi ISO / IEC 14443A kubahiriza, ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata amajwi, imicungire yimikorere ihindagurika, hamwe nibisanzwe EAL 5+ icyemezo.
Urufunguzo rwa DESFire kuri sisitemu itunganijwe neza ntabwo itanga umutekano urenze EM4100. Itsinda rya Flipper Zero ryanditse ibi mu isesengura rya protocole ya 2023 ya RFID: sisitemu nyinshi zo kugenzura zemeza zemeza ukoresheje Ikarita ya Serial gusa, ndetse n’abasomyi ba DESFire. CSN idafite ibanga, isomwa nigikoresho icyo aricyo cyose cya NFC. $ 4 DESFire urufunguzo rwemeza binyuze muri CSN rukora kurwego rwumutekano $ 0.20.
Turasaba abakiriya kwemeza ibice byabasomyi mbere yo gusubiramo. "Sisitemu yawe iremeza ukoresheje amakuru yihishe mu murenge, cyangwa CSN gusa?" Niba batabizi, turababwira kubimenya mbere yo gukoresha amafaranga mubyangombwa bya premium. KuyoboraUmutekano wamakuru wa RFID kugirango ubone ibyangombwaasobanura impamvu indangamuntu zihamye, ibisubizo bisubirwamo, urufunguzo rudasanzwe, hamwe no kwemeza inyuma inyuma bishobora gutesha agaciro ibyangombwa bihenze.
Kugenzura urutonde rwabasomyi mbere yo gutumiza DESFire cyangwa MIFARE Plus:
1. Umusomyi ashyigikira 13.56MHz ISO14443A, cyangwa 125kHz gusa LF?
2.Umugenzuzi yemera amakuru yihishe, cyangwa Wiegand yasohotse gusa kuri nimero yikarita?
3. Ese urufunguzo rutandukanye kurubuga, kuri buri karita, cyangwa rusangiwe nkurufunguzo rudasanzwe?
4. Umuhuza wawe ashobora gushiraho ibyangombwa mbere yo koherezwa, cyangwa ukeneye utanga isoko -?
5. Impapuro zashaje zabuze zishobora gukurwaho neza muri software yinjira?
Niba ibyuma byawe bihari bidashobora gushyigikira uburyo bwo kwemeza uteganya kugura, kuzamura ibyemezo bizananirana kumuryango. Icyo gihe, subiramoRFID igenzura igenzura abasomyimbere yo kwemeza umusaruro mwinshi.
Imiterere yikiguzi cyibyangombwa bya RFID ntabwo ari - umurongo hamwe nubunini.
Igiciro cyibice nigice kimwe gusa cyigiciro cyo kubona ibyangombwa. Ingengo yimari nyayo ikubiyemo urwego rwa chip, ibikoresho bya shell, icapiro, UID cyangwa kodegisi yumurenge, gupima icyitegererezo, guhuza amakuru, gupakira, gutunganya inenge, nubunini bwa reissue. Umuguzi ugereranije "igiciro cya 125kHz" na "13.56MHz" ashobora guhitamo ikintu gihenze kandi agakomeza kwishyura nyuma binyuze mubisomwa byananiranye, re - akazi kode, gusimbuza abasomyi, cyangwa amatike yo gushyigikira.
| Ubwoko bwa Chip | Ibice 100 | Ibice 1.000 | 5, 000+ ibice |
|---|---|---|---|
| EM4100 / TK4100 (125kHz) | $0.80-1.50 | $0.25-0.40 | $0.15-0.25 |
| T5577 ishobora kwandikwa (125kHz) | $1.20-2.00 | $0.45-0.70 | $0.30-0.50 |
| MIFARE Classic 1K (13.56MHz) | $1.00-2.00 | $0.40-0.80 | $0.30-0.60 |
| DESFire EV2 (13.56MHz) | $4.00-6.00 | $2.50-3.50 | $2.00-3.00 |
| DESFire EV3 (13.56MHz) | $5.00-8.00 | $3.00-4.50 | $2.50-3.50 |
Umuyobozi wumutungo utumiza 200 keyfobs yishyura hafi 3x kuri buri gice kuruta kimwe cyategetse 2000. Multi - abakoresha urubuga bakusanya amasoko kumitungo. Amashyirahamwe afite ibizasimburwa byizunguruka atumiza ingano yumwaka imbere.
T5577 ifite umwanya wihariye. Bitandukanye na - UIP chip, ni umurima - ishobora gutegurwa hamwe na 330 bits ya memoire yibikoresho - irashobora kwigana EM4100, HID Prox, Indala, protocole nyinshi. Ibikoresho bicunga sisitemu yumurage kubacuruzi benshi, abahuza bakeneye kuri - urubuga rwongeye kuboneka: T5577 itanga ihinduka ryerekana ishingiro ryoroheje kuri EM4100. Kurinda ijambo ryibanga 32-bitakomeye kubipimo bigezweho, ariko bihagarika cloni bisanzwe.
Ibiciro byihishe abaguzi bakunze kubura
| Ikintu cyigiciro | Impamvu bifite akamaro | Uburyo bwo Kubigenzura |
|---|---|---|
| Encoding na numero | Kode yibikoresho, imiterere ya biti, cyangwa amakuru yumurenge nabi arashobora gutuma amakarita asomeka ariko adakoreshwa. | Emeza imiterere ya Wiegand, inomero yikarita, kode yurubuga, na dosiye ya kodegisi mbere yo gukora. |
| Ikizamini cy'icyitegererezo | Moderi yabasomyi, abagenzuzi b'imiryango, hamwe na software ya verisiyo irashobora kwitwara ukundi hamwe na chip imwe. | Gerageza ingero 5-10 kumiryango nyayo mbere yo kwemeza ibicuruzwa byinshi. |
| Gusimbuza abasomyi | Ibyangombwa bya HF birashobora gusaba abasomyi bashya niba ibyuma bishaje bishyigikira gusa indangamuntu ya LF. | Kugenzura abasomyi bashizeho mbere yo gufata umwanzuro hagati yumurongo umwe - inshuro ebyiri, inshuro ebyiri - inshuro nyinshi, cyangwa kwimuka kwikoranabuhanga -. |
| Igipimo cyo kunanirwa | Icyiciro gihenze hamwe na antenne idahwitse cyangwa amazu mabi arashobora gushiraho ikiguzi cyinshi kuruta kuzigama. | Baza ibizamini bya antenne, ibintu byihariye, hamwe nibidukikije byizewe. |
| Igihe kizaza | Ikarita yose yatakaye, umukode mushya, umukozi mushya, cyangwa ikirango cya rwiyemezamirimo asubiramo ikiguzi cyicyemezo. | Koresha igenamigambi ryumwaka kandi wirinde ibihembo byigihe - inshuro nyinshi keretse bikenewe. |
Gukora ubuziranenge niho urufunguzo ruhendutse rwananiranye.
Antenna imbere ya 125kHz ya urufunguzo: umuringa wumuringa wakomerekejwe na ferrite. Ferrite itezimbere cyane guhuza magnetiki - Ubuvanganzo bwa Gate yerekana ubuvanganzo bwa ferrite - ingirabuzimafatizo zigera kuri 125x zingirakamaro zoguhuza umwuka uhwanye - ibishushanyo mbonera.
Ubwiza bwibyo ferrite, guhinduranya neza, guhuza ubushobozi bwa capacitor - ibi byerekana niba urufunguzo rusoma neza muburyo butandukanye bwabasomyi.
Kuri 13.56MHz, antenne isanzwe iba umuringa kuri substrate ya PCB. Kwihanganira gukora cyane, ariko inshuro nyinshi byumva neza ibidukikije. Shiraho urufunguzo rwa HF urwanya urufunguzo rw'icyuma, antene irahagarara, soma urutonde rugabanuka 30-50%. Abakora ubuziranenge bishyura muburyo bwa antenne kandi bakagenzura ikizamini cya VNA mugihe cyo gukora.
Twabonye ibyiciro biva hasi - abatanga ibiciro bafite igipimo kiri hejuru ya 8%. Ku $ 0.10 munsi kuri buri gice, ntabwo aribyo kuzigama - ni ikiguzi cyo gushyigikira umukiriya.
Uruzitiro rufite akamaro. ABS plastike ni inganda nganda: kurwanya ingaruka, gutuza imiti, gukorera mu mucyo wa RFI. Ibicuruzwa bya PP bihendutse bivunika mugihe cyubukonje. Twari dufite abakiriya bo mu majyaruguru y’Uburayi bavumbuye ibi igihe ubushyuhe bwo mu Kuboza bwatumaga garanti isabwa mu nshingano zabo.
Kubikoresho byo hanze: IP65 ikemura imvura numukungugu, IP68 irapimwe kubwibiza. Itandukaniro ryibiciro ni $ 0.15 - 0,25 kuri buri gice. Kureka ibyo kuzamura no gusimbuza ibyangiritse byamazi bisaba amafaranga menshi.
Ni ryari kuzamura kuva 125kHz kugeza 13.56MHz bitanga?
Urubanza rwubucuruzi rwo kuzamura umurage LF kugirango umutekano HF ushingiye cyane kumiterere. Urubanza rukomeye rugaragara mugihe ibyangombwa birinda ahantu hanini - agaciro, mugihe inzira zubugenzuzi zifite akamaro, mugihe ibyangombwa byakoronijwe byashyira ahagaragara amategeko, cyangwa mugihe ikarita imwe iteganijwe gushyigikira porogaramu nyinshi nko kubona inyubako, parikingi, lift, gufunga, kugurisha, cyangwa agaciro kabanyamuryango.
Iyi mishinga irashobora kandi kunanirwa. Twabonye kuzamura bitwara amafaranga arenze ibyateganijwe, byatwaye igihe kirenze icyateganijwe, bisabwa abasomyi basimbuye hanze yumwimerere. ROI biterwa nibihe byihariye: ibikorwa remezo bihari, ibidukikije byugarije, igipimo cyo gusimbuza, ubuziranenge bwimishinga.
Itandukaniro ryibiciro hagati yicyangombwa cyizewe kandi kidafite umutekano cyagabanutse cyane. DESFire EV2 igura $ 8-10 buri umwe muri 2019 ubu ni $ 2.50-3.50 mubunini.
Dual - inshuro nyinshi urufunguzo rwashyizwemo 125kHz na 13.56MHz antenne. Turabikora. Turaca intege abakiriya kubagaragaza keretse hariho gahunda yinzibacyuho isobanutse.
Antenne ebyiri muri couple yegeranye cyane hamwe, ikuraho byombi. Ibisabwa byo gutandukana kumubiri byongeweho byinshi. Buri antenne igomba kuba yigenga neza, kumvikana muri kimwe bigira ingaruka kubindi. Gukora ibintu bigoye byongera igipimo cyinenge. 40 - 60% premium hejuru yumurongo umwe akenshi itanga imikorere yangiritse kuri iyo mirongo yombi.
Aho inshuro ebyiri - inshuro zumvikana:
Hateganijwe LF - kugeza - Kwimuka kwa HF bifata amezi 12-24 aho ibyangombwa bigomba gukora kuri sisitemu zombi mugihe cyo guhinduka.
Aho bidashoboka:
Ibikorwa bihoraho byishyura premium igihe kitazwi kubushobozi butigeze bukoreshwa.
Kubyinshi - inyubako ikodeshwa hamwe na sisitemu zitandukanye kumagorofa atandukanye, ibyangombwa bitandukanye mubisanzwe nibikorwa. Ntabwo ari elegant, ikora neza, igura make mugihe.
Isuku LF - kugeza - Gahunda yo kwimuka ya HF isanzwe ikorwa ningaruka. Kuzamura ibyumba bya seriveri, ibiro byimari, ububiko, nubwinjiriro bwambere. Komeza hasi - inzugi zibyago kumurage wegereye kugeza igihe abasomyi basimbuye. Mugihe cyinzibacyuho, tanga ibyangombwa bibiri - byikoranabuhanga gusa kubakoresha bakeneye sisitemu zombi. Umusomyi wa nyuma wa LF amaze gusezera, hagarika kugura ibyangombwa bibiri - inshuro ebyiri hanyuma wimuke kumurongo umwe wizewe HF.
Ibisobanuro birambuye bifite akamaro, bishingiye kunanirwa kohereza twabonye:
Inshuro hamwe na protocole ihuza.
Kugenzura abasomyi bariho bashyigikira chip utumiza. "13.56MHz" ntabwo bihagije - vuga ISO14443A, ISO15693, cyangwa protocole nyirizina. Shakisha ingero, gerageza kubikorwa remezo mbere yo gutumiza umusaruro.
Imiterere ya Wiegand.
Kugenzura ibiyobora byitezwe kumiterere-26-bit, 34-bit, 37-bit. Imiterere itari yo isobanura urufunguzo rusoma ariko ntirwemeza. Emeza numubare wawe.
Kwibuka no gushushanya.
DESFire ije muri 2KB, 4KB, 8KB. Ingaragu - igenzura rya porogaramu: 2KB irahagije. Multi - porogaramu yoherejwe ihuza uburyo bwo kubaka hamwe na parikingi, lift, kugurisha: birashobora gusaba ububiko bunini. Pre - kodegisi yongeraho ikiguzi ariko ikuraho gahunda yo gutangiza. Ibyangombwa byubusa bisaba kuri - ubushobozi bwurubuga.
Ibidukikije.
Ubushyuhe bukoreshwa ni - 20 dogere kugeza +60 dogere; vari-temp ihinduka ibaho kumesa na autoclave. Igipimo cya IP gikwiranye nibidukikije. Amazu ya ABS, irinde ubundi buryo buhendutse.
Inyandiko nziza.
ISO / IEC 10373 - 6 ikizamini cyo kubahiriza, gupima Q-ibintu, raporo y'ibizamini by’ibidukikije. Utanga isoko ntashobora gutanga ibyangombwa? Ongera utekereze kubitanga.
Kubikorwa bishya aho umutekano ufite akamaro: DESFire EV2 kuri 13.56MHz. EV3 yongeraho iterambere ryibiciro bihendutse - bigoye kwemeza leta yo hanze cyangwa hejuru - kurinda umutungo. Emeza ibanga ryibanga ryemewe, ntabwo CSN - gusa. Bije $ 2.50-4.00 kuri keyfob mubunini.
Kubisigisigi bya LF kubungabunga aho kuzamura bidashoboka: EM4100 cyangwa TK4100 kugirango bihuze neza kubiciro bito. Emera imbogamizi z'umutekano ubizi. Ukeneye kuri - gusubiramo porogaramu? Kwishura amafaranga make kuri T5577.
Kubyinzibacyuho: abasomyi benshi - basoma ikoranabuhanga aho kuba inshuro ebyiri - inshuro nyinshi. Umusomyi premium nimwe - igihe; keyfob premium isubiramo hamwe nibyangombwa byose byatanzwe.
Nturenze - kwerekana. Twasubiyemo imishinga isaba DESFire EV3 hamwe na 8KB yibuka ya sisitemu yabanyamuryango ba siporo - $ 4+ kuri urufunguzo kugirango ubushobozi batazigera bakoresha. DESFire EV2 hamwe na 2KB kuri $ 2.50 itanga imikorere imwe kuriyi porogaramu.
Ntugaragaze munsi ya -. Ubwinjiriro bwibanze bwinyubako zifite ibyangombwa bya EM4100 nicyemezo cyumutekano, cyaba cyarakozwe cyangwa utabishaka. Niba umuntu akoresheje urufunguzo hanyuma akabona kwinjira, ikibazo "kuki twakoresheje ikoranabuhanga ryakoronijwe?" Uzaza.
Guhitamo inshuro ntago bigoye iyo utandukanije ibyemezo: physics numutekano nubwiza bwinganda. Urujijo rwinshi ruva mubucuruzi bubahuza, cyangwa amasoko yibanze kubiciro byibice utitaye kubiciro byose. Niba itsinda ryanyu rigereranya ibyangombwa bya IC hamwe nindangamuntu kurwego rwibanze, iki gitaboIkarita ya IC vs indangamuntu yo guhitamo kugenzuraIrashobora gufasha gutunganya ijambo mbere yo kugura.
Ibibazo: 125kHz vs 13.56MHz ibyangombwa byo kugenzura ibyangombwa
Ikibazo: Ese 13.56MHz Yama Yizewe Kuruta 125kHz?
Igisubizo: Oya . 13.56 MHz irashobora kuba umutekano muke mugihe sisitemu ikoresha ibanga ryabitswe hamwe na chip nka MIFARE Plus SL3 cyangwa DESFire EV2 / EV3. Ariko niba umusomyi agenzuye gusa numero yurupapuro rwikarita idafite ibanga, sisitemu irashobora kwitwara nkikimenyetso cyumutekano -.
Ikibazo: Nshobora gusimbuza 125kHz ya Keyfobs na DESFire Keyfobs ntahinduye abasomyi?
Igisubizo: Mubisanzwe oya. Niba abasomyi bariho bashyigikira gusa indangamuntu ya 125kHz, ntibashobora gusoma cyangwa kwemeza ibyangombwa bya DESFire. Ukeneye 13.56MHz ISO14443A - abasomyi bashoboye kandi ushobora kubona software ishobora gukoresha amakuru asobekeranye.
Ikibazo: Kuki ibyemezo bya DESFire bihenze cyane?
Igisubizo: Ibyangombwa bya DESFire bikoresha chip nyinshi zishoboye, zishyigikira ububiko bwibikoresho butekanye, kandi akenshi bisaba gucunga neza urufunguzo cyangwa pre - kodegisi. Igiciro cyo hejuru cyishyura ubushobozi bwumutekano, ariko sisitemu igomba gushyirwaho neza kugirango ubwo bushobozi bugire akamaro.
Ikibazo: Ni ryari 125kHz iracyemewe?
Igisubizo: 125kHz irashobora kwemerwa kumiryango yo hasi - ibyago, kumenyekanisha abanyamuryango byoroshye, kubungabunga umurage, abashoramari b'igihe gito, cyangwa uduce tw’imbere aho ibyago byo gukoroniza bidatera ingaruka zikomeye. Ntigomba kuba ibyangombwa byonyine birinda ibyinjira byoroshye.
Ikibazo: Nakagombye Guhitamo Dual - Urufunguzo rwa Frequency?
Igisubizo: Hitamo ibintu bibiri - inshuro nyinshi mugihe abakoresha bagomba kubona abasomyi ba LF bashaje ndetse nabasomyi bashya ba HF mugihe cyagenwe cyo kwimuka. Kubohereza burundu, ibyangombwa - ibyangombwa byinshyi mubisanzwe byongera ikiguzi gisubiramo kandi birashobora guhungabanya imikorere ya antenne.
Gukora binyuze mu cyemezo cyo kohereza? Twahitamo kugufasha kwerekana neza imbere kuruta gukuramo sisitemu idahuye nyuma.
Igiciro cyerekana Mutarama 2025 ibiciro byinshi, biratandukana bitewe nubunini hamwe nibisabwa. Kubisobanuro byumushinga, hamagara kugurisha hamwe nibisabwa hamwe nibikorwa remezo.
Kohereza iperereza